Colon Cancer Disease Information

Colon cancer is a malady that starts in the large intestine (colon). It is the third most commonly occurring type of cancer in both males and females. Generally, colon cancer begins as non-malignant (benign) clumps of cells referred to as adenomatous polyps. Over time, some of these polyps can turn into colon cancers. Signs of colon cancer can include a change in bowel habits, like diarrhea or constipation that continues for more than a few days, blood in the stool, abdominal pain or cramping and unexplained weight loss. Possible causes of colon cancer include a family history of the disease, advanced age, an inactive lifestyle, smoking, being overweight, and a diet high in red or processed meats. Screening tests can help detect colon cancer early, when it is most curable. These tests include a fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy. Treatment for colon cancer depends on the stage of the cancer, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Colon cancer is a severe illness, but it is also one of the most preventable types of cancer. Eating a nutritious diet, exercising regularly, and getting regular screenings can all help reduce the risk of developing colon cancer.

1. Adenocarcinoma: This is the most common type of colon cancer. It begins in the cells that line the inside of the colon and rectum and can spread to other parts of the body.
2. Mucinous Adenocarcinoma: This type of colon cancer begins in the mucus-producing cells that line the inside of the colon and rectum.
3. Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: This type of colon cancer begins in the cells that line the inside of the colon and rectum and can spread to other parts of the body.
4. Neuroendocrine Tumors: This type of colon cancer begins in the cells that produce hormones and can spread to other parts of the body.
5. Sarcomas: These cancers begin in the muscles and connective tissues of the colon and rectum.
6. Lymphomas: These cancers begin in the lymph nodes and can spread to other parts of the body.

1. Abdominal pain
2. Diarrhea or constipation
3. Blood in the stool
4. Unexplained weight loss
5. Fatigue
6. Unexplained anemia
7. Bloating
8. Narrow stools
9. A feeling of incomplete bowel movements
10. Unexplained changes in bowel habits

1. Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy is an examination in which a physician employs a lengthy, supple tube with a camera on the end to observe the inside of the colon and rectum.
2. Stool Tests: Stool tests can discover blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.
3. Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI scans, and X-rays can be utilized to search for tumors in the colon.
4. Biopsy: During a biopsy, a doctor removes a small portion of tissue from the colon and inspects it under a microscope to search for cancer cells.

Colon cancer is caused by modifications in the DNA of cells situated in the colon. These changes can be inherited or obtained over the course of a person's life. The most frequent acquired cause of colon cancer is a diet with a high fat content and low fiber, as well as smoking and alcohol consumption. Other risk factors include being overweight, having a lack of physical activity, and certain medical conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and type 2 diabetes.

Colon cancer is generally treated with a mixture of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The type of treatment used depends on the size and site of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Surgery is usually the first form of treatment, followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.

1. Seek Assistance: Connect with family and friends for emotional assistance, and join a group for people with colon cancer.
2. Eat Properly: Consume a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to keep your body strong and healthy.
3. Exercise Frequently: Frequent exercise can reduce fatigue, enhance your mood, and increase your energy.
4. Get Enough Sleep: Make sure to get enough rest and sleep every night.
5. Lower Stress: Find ways to lower stress, such as yoga, meditation, or speaking with a therapist.
6. Remain Positive: Focus on the positives in your life and attempt to stay hopeful.
7. Converse with Your Doctor: Speak with your doctor about any worries or queries you have.
8. Take Part in Clinical Trials: Consider getting involved in clinical trials to help advance cancer research.