Coronary Artery (atherosclerotic) Heart Disease Disease Information

Coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease is a kind of cardiovascular disease caused by the accumulation of plaque in the coronary arteries. This plaque is composed of cholesterol, fat, and other substances that can constrict the arteries, making it difficult for blood to flow through them. This can lead to a decrease in the blood and oxygen supply to the heart, resulting in chest pain, breathlessness, and even a heart attack. The most common danger factors for coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease are elevated cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and an inactive lifestyle. Other factors that can increase your risk include being overweight, having a family history of heart disease, being older, and having a diet high in saturated fats. The good news is that coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease is preventable. Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and controlling your cholesterol and blood pressure can all help reduce your risk. If you already have coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease, there are treatments available to help reduce your risk of further complications. These treatments include medications, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, surgery. Taking steps to reduce your risk of coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease can help you live a longer, healthier life.

1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): A narrowing of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis, a buildup of fatty deposits in the artery walls.
2. Coronary Artery Spasm (CAS): A sudden, temporary narrowing of the coronary arteries due to spasms in the artery walls.
3. Coronary Artery Thrombosis (CAT): A blockage of the coronary arteries due to a blood clot.
4. Coronary Artery Embolism (CAE): A blockage of the coronary arteries due to a blood clot or foreign material that has traveled through the bloodstream and lodged in the artery.
5. Coronary Artery Aneurysm (CAA): A bulge in the wall of the coronary artery caused by weakness in the artery wall.
6. Coronary Artery Dissection (CAD): A tear in the wall of the coronary artery that can cause a blockage.

1. Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
2. Shortness of breath
3. Pain in the neck, jaw, arms, or upper back
4. Fatigue
5. Nausea
6. Palpitations (irregular heartbeats)
7. Sweating
8. Dizziness or lightheadedness
9. Swelling in the legs or abdomen
10. Coughing or wheezing

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This assessment gauges the electrical action of the heart and can spot alterations in the heart's rhythm.
2. Chest X-ray: This imaging test can identify variations in the size, shape, and structure of the heart and lungs.
3. Echocardiogram: This imaging test employs sound waves to generate an image of the heart and can detect changes in the heart's structure and operation.
4. Cardiac Catheterization: This test involves inserting a thin tube into the coronary arteries to measure the pressure and flow of blood, and to locate any blockages.
5. Stress Test: This test gauges how the heart reacts to physical activity and can detect changes in the heart's rhythm and function.
6. Coronary Angiography: This imaging test utilizes X-rays and a contrast dye to create a picture of the coronary arteries and can detect blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
7. Coronary Artery Calcium Scan: This imaging test uses X-rays to detect calcium deposits in the coronary arteries and can indicate the presence of arterial plaque.

Coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease is a form of cardiovascular illness that happens when a fatty deposit accumulates in the blood vessels that furnish blood to the heart. This accumulation of fatty material, also referred to as atherosclerosis, can lead to a range of medical issues, comprising chest distress (angina), heart attack, heart failure, and irregularities in the heart's rhythm.

Coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease is treated with adjustments to lifestyle, drugs, and in some situations, surgery. Changes in lifestyle could include stopping smoking, exercising frequently, eating a heart-healthy diet, and managing stress. Medicines used to treat coronary artery (atherosclerotic) heart disease include cholesterol-lowering medicines, blood pressure medicines, and anticoagulants. Surgery may be recommended in certain cases, such as when medications and lifestyle changes are not enough to reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke. Types of surgery include coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), angioplasty, and stent placement.

1. Abide by your doctor's guidance: It is essential to adhere to your doctor's guidance and take medications as prescribed. This includes taking cholesterol-lowering medicines, such as statins, and blood pressure medications.
2. Work out: Working out can help reduce your chances of developing coronary artery disease. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise five times a week.
3. Consume a nutritious diet: Consuming a nutritious diet can help you manage your condition and reduce your risk of developing coronary artery disease. Select foods that are low in saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol and high in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
4. Give up smoking: Smoking increases your risk of developing coronary artery disease. If you smoke, quit.
5. Control stress: Stress can worsen symptoms of coronary artery disease. Take time to unwind and manage stress through activities such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing.
6. Monitor your symptoms: Pay attention to any changes in your health and report them to your doctor. This includes chest pain, breathlessness, fatigue, or dizziness.
7. Monitor your weight: Being overweight increases your risk of developing coronary artery disease. Monitor your weight and make changes to your diet and exercise routine if necessary.