Oral Cancer Disease Information

Oral cancer, also referred to as mouth cancer, is a type of cancer that can affect any region of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, cheeks, bottom of the mouth, hard and soft palate, and sinuses. It can also affect the salivary glands, pharynx, and larynx. The most common cause of oral cancer is the use of tobacco products, such as cigarettes, cigars, and chewing tobacco. Excessive alcohol consumption is also a risk factor. Other risk factors include a deficiency in fruits and vegetables in the diet, a weakened immune system, and certain viruses, such as HPV and the Epstein-Barr virus. The most common symptoms of oral cancer are a sore or ulcer in the mouth that does not heal, a lump or enlargement in the cheek, a white or red patch on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth, difficulty chewing or swallowing, and a sensation that something is stuck in the throat. If oral cancer is suspected, a biopsy will be done to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for oral cancer usually involves surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy. Surgery may involve taking out the tumor and some of the surrounding tissue, while radiation and chemotherapy are used to destroy any cancer cells that may remain after surgery. The prognosis for oral cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and the patient's overall health. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the chances of a successful outcome.

1. Squamous cell carcinoma
2. Verrucous carcinoma
3. Basal cell carcinoma
4. Minor salivary gland carcinoma
5. Adenoid cystic carcinoma
6. Malignant melanoma
7. Kaposi's sarcoma
8. Lymphoma
9. Metastatic cancer
10. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

1. A sore or irritation that does not heal
2. A lump or thickening in the cheek
3. White or red patches on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth
4. Unexplained bleeding in the mouth
5. A feeling that something is caught in the throat
6. Difficulty chewing or swallowing
7. Numbness of the tongue or other areas of the mouth
8. A change in the way the teeth fit together when the mouth is closed
9. Chronic sore throat or hoarseness
10. Unexplained weight loss

Diagnosis of oral cancer typically begins with a physical examination of the mouth, including the lips, gums, tongue, and throat. During the exam, the doctor will look for any signs of unusual bumps, enlargement, or discoloration. The doctor may also use a illuminated magnifying device to get a more detailed view of the area. If the doctor suspects oral cancer, they may order extra tests such as a biopsy, imaging tests (X-ray, CT scan, MRI, or PET scan), or a blood test for markers related to oral cancer. A biopsy involves taking out a small piece of tissue from the area to be tested for cancer cells. Imaging tests can help the doctor get a clearer picture of the area and establish if the cancer has spread. Blood tests can help determine the kind and stage of the cancer.

Mouth cancer is generally caused by extended contact with tobacco items, for example, cigarettes, stogies, and smokeless tobacco. Drinking can likewise raise the risk of oral cancer. Other potential sources include exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus that is transmitted through sexual contact, and a weakened immune system.

Oral cancer is usually treated with surgery, radiation, and/or medication. Surgery can involve removing cancerous cells and/or organs. Radiation employs strong x-rays to terminate cancer cells. Chemotherapy utilizes drugs to eliminate cancer cells. Sometimes, a blend of treatments may be employed. In addition, regular check-ups are usually recommended to observe for any reoccurrence of the cancer.

Ensure that you heed your physician's guidance. Your doctor will give you the top direction on how to cope with your condition, so make sure to follow their directions. Remain informed. Make sure to stay up-to-date on the most recent research and treatments for oral cancer. This can help you make more enlightened decisions about your care. Maintain contact. Connect with friends and family for emotional support. Having a robust support system can make a huge difference in your recovery. Consume a nutritious diet. Eating a balanced diet can aid to sustain your body and provide you with the energy you need to fight oral cancer. Exercise routinely. Exercise can help to reduce stress and enhance your overall health. Get a sufficient amount of rest. Make sure to get enough rest and sleep each night to help your body mend. Implement relaxation techniques. Relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing can help to decrease stress and uneasiness. Search for counseling. Talking to a counselor can help you to deal with the emotional and psychological effects of oral cancer. Join a support group. Joining a support group can help you to connect with others who are going through analogous experiences.